1850 Census Notes from newspapers of the day:

From the Ohio Repository, (Canton, OH), December 15, 1852: 

  "The census returns of 1850, now completed, exhibit many important
facts - which we condense.  Of the total population, 17,736,792 are 
natives; 2,210,828 foreigners; the nativity of 39,287 could not be 
ascertained - of the foreigners 1,955,818 live in the free, and 
245,210 in the slave states.  The foreign population form 11.06 per
cent. of the whole.  Of the foreign population, were from
   Ireland 951,719, Germany 578,325, England 278,675, British America 
147,700, Scotland 70,550, France 54,069, Wales 29,808, all other 
countries 95,022.
   The deaf and dumb number 9,717; the blind 9,702; insane 15,768; 
idiotic 15,706 of the colored the proportion of these classes are 
less than the whites.  The real and personal estate is valued at 
$7,133,339,725.  The churches number 36,011 - Methodist 12,467, Bap-
tist 8,791, Presbyterian 4584; or Presbyterian and allied 8,112 - 
which accommodate 3,705,211 - a greater number than the Methodist or 
Baptist. The Catholics 1112 churches, accommodating 610,950; Episco-
palians 1,422, accommodating 615,213 people.   The value of church 
property is $86,418,639.   If all the churches were filled they 
would hold 13,819,806 persons."

From the Star & Banner, (Gettysburg, PA), November 26, 1852: 

  "THE SOURCES OF OUR POPULATION - The foreign population of Mary-
land, according to the census of 1850, numbers 53,750, of whom 
26,936 are Germans, 10,557 Irish, 3,467 English, 1,093 Scotch, 507 
French, and 260 Welch.  Of the native white population, 400,594 
were born in the State, and 38,322 in other states.
  "In Massachusetts, foreign-born residents form 16.5 per cent. of 
the whole population.  In New York, they constitute 21.22 per cent; 
in Maryland, 12.85 per cent of the white inhabitants; in Louisiana, 
26.6 per cent of the white race and free colored.  In all these 
States, except Maryland, the Irish immigrants largely preponderate 
over those from any other country.  In New York, they compose some-
what over half of all foreign-born citizens; but in Massachusetts 
they are more than double all others of that class.  In the South-
ern States, the full returns will show a less proportion of Irish 
citizens than is shown in the above statement for Maryland and 
Lousisiana.  Henceforth we may expect a large increase of German 
emigration; and it is likely to take the head of the list."

From the Dixon Telegraph, (Dixon, IL), April 24, 1852: 

  "DEATH IN PENNSYLVANIA - The census exhibits a vast difference in
the number of deaths in the different counties, proportioned to 
their population.   In Eastern and Western Pennsylvania the popu-
lation is nearly equal - that of the east exceeding about ten per
cent; the whole number of deaths in the State in the census year
being 28,318.  Of this number, the eastern division furnishes
17,604, and the Western 10,814.  That is, in Eastern Pennsylvania
there was one death to every 69, and in the Western one in every
100.  The average is one to every 82.  The counties show a great
discrepancy.  In Philadelphia city and county it gives one to 60.
In Berks one to 98.  But as Berks contains all the dead and ab-
sent on business on the election tally sticks, her account cannot
be wholly depended on.  Lancaster gives one to 55.  Allegheny
had 1836 deaths out of 138,290, which gives one to 75. Armstrong,
with 29,560, has 217 deaths, which is one to 136.  But other
counties leave these far behind, unless they never bury their dead.
Venango, with 18,310, has 73 deaths, which is one to 251; and 
Wyoming, with 10,655, has but 39 deaths, which is one to 272, and
she looms up as the brag county against the terror king."

From the Dixon Telegraph, (Dixon, IL), September 25, 1852: 

  "THE CHANCES OF LIFE - Among the interesting facts developed by
the recent census are some in relation to the laws that govern
life and death.  They are based upon returns from the State of
Maryland, and a comparison with previous ones.  The calculation
it is unnecessary to explain, but the result is a table from 
which we gather the following illustration:
  "10,268 infants are born on the same day and enter upon life
simultaneously.  Of these, 1,243 never reach the anniversary of
their birth; 9,025 commence the second year; but the proportion
of deaths still continues so great that at the end of the third
year only 8,183, or about four-fifths of the original number,
survive.  But during the fourth year the system seems to acquire
more strength, and the number of deaths rapidly decreases.  It
goes on decreasing until twenty-one, the commencement of matur-
ity and the period of highest health.  7,131 enter upon the 
activities and responsibilities of life - more than two-thirds
of the original number.
Thirty-five comes, the meridian of manhood, 6,302 have reached
it, Twenty years more, and the ranks are thinned.
Only 4,727, or less than half of those who entered life fifty-
five years ago, are left.  And now death comes more frequently.
Every year the ratio of mortality steadily increases, and at
seventy there are not a thousand survivors.  A scattered few
live on to the close of the century, and at the age of one hun-
dred and six the drama is ended; the last man is dead. - 
Albany Jour."

From the Zanesville Daily Courier, (Zanesville, OH), December 17, 1852: 

  "RUM - It appears by the census that the consumption of spirituous
and malt liquors in the United States reaches the enormous quantity
of eighty-six millions of gallons annually, equal to six gallons for
every adult person."

From the Athens Messenger, (Athens, OH), December 19, 1851: 

  "By the returns of the late census it appears there are about
2,800 newspapers in the United States, of which 2,000 are published
in the Free and 800 in the Slave States.  About 850 are Whig, 750 
Democratic, 70 Free Soil or Anti Slavery, 20 Agricultural, 40 Tem-
porance, 200 Religious, 870 Neutral and Miscellanous.  New York has
443 papers, Pennsylvania 328, Massachusetts 212, Ohio 300."